Cognition is the umbrella term for the faculties we possess that track happenings in the world and register our feelings, thoughts, and motivations. These cognitive processes collectively have to determine the significance of all these external and internal sources of information and guide us to make appropriate and effective responses. Examples of cognitive processes include: "attention, perception, learning, memory, language, problem-solving, reasoning and thinking." (Eysenck & Keane, p.1. 2020).
Reference;
Eysenck, Michael W. and Keane, Mark T. (2020) Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook. 8th edn. London and New York: Psychology Press